{"id":36540,"date":"2025-07-28T12:45:57","date_gmt":"2025-07-28T10:45:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/?p=36540"},"modified":"2026-06-24T11:54:43","modified_gmt":"2026-06-24T09:54:43","slug":"el-consentimiento-en-el-rgpd-bases-finalidades-principios-y-limites-the-consent-in-el-rgpd-bases-principles-and-limits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/en\/blog\/el-consentimiento-en-el-rgpd-bases-finalidades-principios-y-limites-the-consent-in-el-rgpd-bases-principles-and-limits\/","title":{"rendered":"Consent under the GDPR: bases, purposes, principles and limits"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row type=&#8221;grid&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1547557263471{margin-bottom: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221; el_class=&#8221;El nuevo reglamento europeo obliga a recabar el consentimiento expl\u00edcito para el tratamiento de los datos de car\u00e1cter personal&#8221; font_color=&#8221;#81d742&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;36549&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row type=&#8221;grid&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1679050935288{margin-top: 0px !important;padding-top: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1547557427896{padding-top: 0px !important;}&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;80px&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1742553516084{margin-top: -70px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1782294459918{padding-top: 50px !important;padding-right: 50px !important;padding-bottom: 50px !important;padding-left: 50px !important;background-color: #F2F2F2 !important;}&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]<span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong>Table of Contents  <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"#uno\">Basis of consent and purposes (article 6 of the RGPD)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#dos\">Principles related to consent (article 5 of the GDPR)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#tres\">Conditions of consent (Article 7 of the GDPR)<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#cuatro\">Limits of consent<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#cinco\">Conclusion<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#seis\">Frequently Asked Questions<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;110px&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752825392399{margin-top: -100px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]In the previous entry, <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/en\/blog\/life-cycle-of-consent-rgpd\/\">Consent Lifecycle,<\/a><\/strong> we discussed for you the importance of concepts such as collection, custody and withdrawal. On this occasion, we would like to take a closer look at other very important issues described in the European regulation, such as the bases, purposes and limits. If you want to get a head start on what you are about to read, we recommend that you refer to articles 5, 6 and 7.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;120px&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752825395053{margin-top: -100px !important;}&#8221; el_id=&#8221;uno&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752823910632{padding-top: 15px !important;padding-right: 15px !important;padding-bottom: 15px !important;padding-left: 15px !important;background-color: #47d7ac !important;}&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 0;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Basis of consent and purposes (article 6 of the RGPD)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]One of its fundamental pillars for data processing is the <strong>consent<\/strong> of the data subject. But, although it acts as a legitimate basis for data processing in many contexts, it is not the only one. <\/p>\n<p>The<strong> purpose<\/strong> responds to a legal basis for the processing. In other words, there must be a valid purpose (set out in the RGPD or the LOPDGDD) that legitimizes the processing of personal data. In other words, the <strong>principle of purpose of the processing of personal data<\/strong> defines why and for what purpose the data is collected. This is a fundamental issue for compliance.   <\/p>\n<p>The purpose of the processing defines the reasons and purposes of the processing, in addition to determining its lawfulness. These reasons are listed in Article 6 of the GDPR: <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Explicit consent<\/strong> of the data subject for one or more specific purposes.<\/li>\n<li>Necessity of the treatment for the <strong>execution of a contract.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>Fulfillment of a <strong>legal obligation<\/strong> of the data controller.<\/li>\n<li>Protection of <strong>vital interests<\/strong> of the person concerned or other natural person.<\/li>\n<li>Execution of a <strong>public interest mission<\/strong> or exercise of public powers.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Legitimate interest<\/strong> of the data controller or a third party, unless the rights of the data owner prevail.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Consent, therefore, is only one of the possible bases, but when it is used, it must meet strict requirements. And companies need to be able to defend this compliance at all times.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;120px&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752825399283{margin-top: -100px !important;}&#8221; el_id=&#8221;dos&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752824161622{padding-top: 15px !important;padding-right: 15px !important;padding-bottom: 15px !important;padding-left: 15px !important;background-color: #47d7ac !important;}&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 0;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Principles related to consent (article 5 of the GDPR)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]Principles related to consent (article 5 of the GDPR)<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Lawfulness, fairness and transparency:<\/strong> consent must be informed, clear and freely given.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Purpose limitation:<\/strong> data may only be used for the specific purposes for which consent was obtained.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Data minimization:<\/strong> only the necessary data should be collected.<\/li>\n<li>Other key principles are also <strong>accuracy, shelf life limitation, completeness and confidentiality, and proactive accountability.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-36552\" title=\"principles-associated-with-consent\" src=\"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/principios-relacionados-con-el-consentimiento.webp\" alt=\"Principles related to consent  \" width=\"892\" height=\"418\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/principios-relacionados-con-el-consentimiento.webp 892w, https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/principios-relacionados-con-el-consentimiento-300x141.webp 300w, https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/principios-relacionados-con-el-consentimiento-768x360.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" \/>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;120px&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752825403325{margin-top: -100px !important;}&#8221; el_id=&#8221;tres&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752824260611{padding-top: 15px !important;padding-right: 15px !important;padding-bottom: 15px !important;padding-left: 15px !important;background-color: #47d7ac !important;}&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 0;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Conditions of consent (Article 7 of the GDPR)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]Article 7 of the GDPR details the conditions that consent must meet to be valid. You will find them below, accompanied by a brief explanation. <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Demonstrability:<\/strong> the data controller must be able to demonstrate that the data subject consented. In other words, it is up to the data controller to keep the evidence that proves that the data subject accepted or consented to the processing of the data for the stated purposes. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Clarity and granularity:<\/strong> if the consent is part of a broader statement, it must be clearly differentiated. In other words, a single consent cannot be requested for a plurality of purposes. The GDPR encourages consent to be given separately for each purpose, so as to allow each individual to freely choose which processing operations he or she accepts and which he or she does not. For example, a data controller requests consent for two purposes, the first is for profiling, while the second is for participation in surveys. In this case, and for proper compliance, you must separately and explicitly request consent for the two purposes described above. The user will decide whether to accept both, one of them or none of them.     <\/li>\n<li><strong>Right to withdraw consent:<\/strong> the data subject may withdraw consent at any time, and it should be as easy to withdraw consent as it is to give it. In addition, it will also be up to the controller to prove that it has been withdrawn as requested by the data subject. <\/li>\n<li><strong>Free choice:<\/strong> Consent is invalid if it is conditional on the performance of a contract, when it is not necessary for that purpose. For example, if a user wants to purchase a product online, they cannot be required to consent to the processing of their data for advertising purposes as a condition for completing the purchase. Consent for additional purposes (such as marketing, analytics, etc.) must be optional and must also be requested and granted separately.  <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;120px&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752825407489{margin-top: -100px !important;}&#8221; el_id=&#8221;cuatro&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752824442457{padding-top: 15px !important;padding-right: 15px !important;padding-bottom: 15px !important;padding-left: 15px !important;background-color: #47d7ac !important;}&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 0;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Limits of consent<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]Consent is a powerful but not omnipotent tool. Its limits are also set out in the GDPR. They are:  <\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>It cannot be forced or implied.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>It is not valid if there is an imbalance of power<\/strong> (for example, in labor relations).<\/li>\n<li><strong>It must be renewed if the purposes of the treatment change.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>It does not replace other legal bases when these are more appropriate<\/strong> (e.g., legal obligations).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-36556\" title=\"limits-of-consent\" src=\"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/limites-del-consentimiento.webp\" alt=\"Limits of consent\" width=\"892\" height=\"418\" srcset=\"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/limites-del-consentimiento.webp 892w, https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/limites-del-consentimiento-300x141.webp 300w, https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/limites-del-consentimiento-768x360.webp 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" \/>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;120px&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752825411479{margin-top: -100px !important;}&#8221; el_id=&#8221;cinco&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1752824543706{padding-top: 15px !important;padding-right: 15px !important;padding-bottom: 15px !important;padding-left: 15px !important;background-color: #47d7ac !important;}&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 0;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Conclusion<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]As already mentioned in the entry on the life cycle of <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/en\/blog\/life-cycle-of-consent-rgpd\/\">consent lifecycle,<\/a><\/strong> the way in which it is collected is crucial when it comes to complying with data protection regulations and maintaining the trust of users. And it is also very important that the data controller knows and respects the limits established by the GDPR. Among them is the fact that consent must be requested again if the initial purposes change. In other words, transparency and regulatory compliance must be guaranteed at every stage.   <\/p>\n<p>For all these reasons, <strong>companies must have improved and mature consent management processes and rely on <a href=\"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/en\/regulatory-compliance-solutions\/rgpd-consent-management\/\">solutions,<\/a> such as MailComms Group&#8217;s, to support them during the process and help them avoid penalties.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For effective and reliable compliance <strong>, it is helpful to have a<\/strong> qualified and trusted e-service <strong>provider<\/strong>. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/en\/blog\/we-are-a-trusted-service-provider-qualified-in-electronic-delivery-certified-do-you-want-to-know-what-means\/\">qualified and trusted e-services provider,<\/a><\/strong> as is the case with Mailcomms Group, which is also certified in the main information security and privacy regulations, such as: ISO\/IEC 27001 and ISO\/IEC 27701. In addition to these certifications, Mailcomms Group is accredited in the high level category in the <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/mailcommsgroup.com\/en\/blog\/new-level-ens\/\">high level category in the National Security Scheme of the<\/a><\/strong> of Security of the National Cryptologic Center. <\/p>\n<p>If you want to learn about one of the most robust consent management systems on the market, we invite you to explore this blog or contact us.[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;120px&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1782294627030{margin-top: -100px !important;}&#8221; el_id=&#8221;seis&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1782294478926{padding-top: 15px !important;padding-right: 15px !important;padding-bottom: 15px !important;padding-left: 15px !important;background-color: #47d7ac !important;}&#8221; dp_animation=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"margin-top: 0;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Frequently Asked Questions<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;10px&#8221;][vc_toggle title=&#8221;What are the six legal bases for processing personal data under Article 6 of the GDPR?&#8221; style=&#8221;arrow&#8221; color=&#8221;black&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|font_size:20px|text_align:left&#8221; custom_google_fonts=&#8221;font_family:Dosis%3A200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; custom_el_class=&#8221;mg-b-0 fondo-gris-preguntas-frecuentes&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Article 6 of the GDPR establishes six legal bases: (1) consent of the data subject, (2) performance of a contract, (3) compliance with a legal obligation, (4) protection of vital interests, (5) performance of a task carried out in the public interest, and (6) the legitimate interests of the controller or a third party. Consent is only one of these grounds\u2014not the only one, nor necessarily the most appropriate for all processing activities. <\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;What requirements must consent meet to be valid under the GDPR?&#8221; style=&#8221;arrow&#8221; color=&#8221;black&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|font_size:20px|text_align:left&#8221; custom_google_fonts=&#8221;font_family:Dosis%3A200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; custom_el_class=&#8221;mg-b-0 fondo-gris-preguntas-frecuentes&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px;\">To be valid, consent must be: freely given (not conditional on the provision of a service when not necessary), specific (separate for each purpose), informed (the data subject knows who is processing the data, for what purpose, and for how long), and unambiguous (an active expression\u2014pre-checked boxes or silence are not accepted as consent). Furthermore, the data controller must be able to demonstrate that consent was obtained under these terms (demonstrability, Art. 7.1 GDPR). <\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;Can a company use consent as the legal basis for all of its data processing activities?&#8221; style=&#8221;arrow&#8221; color=&#8221;black&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|font_size:20px|text_align:left&#8221; custom_google_fonts=&#8221;font_family:Dosis%3A200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; custom_el_class=&#8221;mg-b-0 fondo-gris-preguntas-frecuentes&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px;\">No. Consent is only one of the six legal bases under Article 6 of the GDPR, and it is not always the most appropriate one. For processing necessary to perform a contract, the correct basis is Article 6(1)(b). For processing required by law, it is Article 6(1)(c). Relying on consent when another, more appropriate basis exists can lead to compliance issues and create incorrect expectations among users regarding their right to withdraw consent.    <\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;What happens if the data subject withdraws their consent?&#8221; style=&#8221;arrow&#8221; color=&#8221;black&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|font_size:20px|text_align:left&#8221; custom_google_fonts=&#8221;font_family:Dosis%3A200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; custom_el_class=&#8221;mg-b-0 fondo-gris-preguntas-frecuentes&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px;\">The data subject may withdraw their consent at any time, and the process of withdrawal must be as simple as that of granting consent. Upon withdrawal, the controller must cease processing for that purpose and may be required to erase the data. Withdrawal does not affect the lawfulness of processing carried out prior to the withdrawal of consent. The controller must be able to demonstrate when and how the withdrawal occurred (Art. 7.3 GDPR).   <\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_toggle][vc_toggle title=&#8221;When is consent invalid even if it has been obtained?&#8221; style=&#8221;arrow&#8221; color=&#8221;black&#8221; custom_font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|font_size:20px|text_align:left&#8221; custom_google_fonts=&#8221;font_family:Dosis%3A200%2C300%2Cregular%2C500%2C600%2C700%2C800|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221; use_custom_heading=&#8221;true&#8221; custom_el_class=&#8221;mg-b-0 fondo-gris-preguntas-frecuentes&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"font-size: 16px;\">Consent is invalid when: it has been obtained under duress or as a condition for a service that is not necessarily related to that processing; there is a clear imbalance of power (for example, in employment relationships between an employer and an employee); consent has not been obtained separately for each purpose (lack of granularity); or the purposes of the processing have changed and new consent has not been obtained for the new purposes.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_toggle][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Welcome to a new content in our series on GDPR, one of the most challenging regulations for companies of all industries and sizes to comply with.  <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":36549,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[480],"class_list":["post-36540","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-communication-solutions-with-legal-value"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Consent in the GDPR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"We delve into very important issues described in the 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